Neuropilin

The functions and applications of A7R in anti-angiogenic therapy, imaging and drug delivery systems.

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) and neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) are two prominent antiangiogenic targets. They are highly expressed on vascular endothelial cells and some tumor cells. Therefore, targeting VEGFR-2 and NRP-1 may be a potential antiangiogenic and antitumor strategy. A7R, a peptide with sequence of Ala-Thr-Trp-Leu-Pro-Pro-Arg that was found by phage display of peptide libraries, can preferentially target VEGFR-2 and NRP-1 and destroy the binding between vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165) and VEGFR-2 or NRP-1.

This peptide is a new potent inhibitor of tumor angiogenesis and a targeting ligand for cancer therapy. This review describes the discovery, function and mechanism of the action of A7R, and further introduces the applications of A7R in antitumor angiogenic treatments, tumor angiogenesis imaging and targeted drug delivery systems. In this review, strategies to deliver different drugs by A7R-modified liposomes and nanoparticles are highlighted.

A7R, a new dual targeting ligand of VEGFR-2 and NRP-1, is expected to have efficient therapeutic or targeting roles in tumor drug delivery.

Nrp1 is Activated by Konjac Ceramide Binding-Induced Structural Rigidification of the a1a2 Domain.

Konjac ceramide (kCer) is a plant-type ceramide composed of various long-chain bases and a-hydroxyl fatty acids. The presence of d4t,8t-sphingadienine is essential for semaphorin 3A (Sema3A)-like activity. Herein, we examined the three neuropilin 1 (Nrp1) domains (a1a2, b1b2, or c), and found that a1a2 binds to d4t,8t-kCer and possesses Sema3A-like activity. kCer binds to Nrp1 with a weak affinity of mM dissociation constant (Kd). We wondered whether bovine serum albumin could influence the ligand-receptor interaction that a1a2 has with a single high affinity binding site for kCer (Kd in nM range). In the present study we demonstrated the influence of bovine serum albumin.

Thermal denaturation indicates that the a1a2 domain may include intrinsically disordered region (IDR)-like flexibility. A potential interaction site on the a1 module was explored by molecular docking, which revealed a possible Nrp1 activation mechanism, in which kCer binds to Site A close to the Sema3A-binding region of the a1a2 domain. The a1 module then accesses a2 as the IDR-like flexibility becomes ordered via kCer-induced protein rigidity of a1a2.

This induces intramolecular interaction between a1 and a2 through a slight change in protein secondary structure.

Towards identification of novel putative biomarkers for infective endocarditis by serum proteomic analysis.

Infective endocarditis (IE) has high mortality, partly due to delayed diagnosis. No biomarker can identify IE in patients with fever and clinical picture of infection.

To find putative biomarkers we analyzed serum levels of two proteins found in cardiac valves, fibulin-1 (n = 696) and osteoprotegerin (n = 689) among patients on clinical suspicion of IE. Proteomic analyses were performed in 24 patients with bacteremia, 12 patients with definite IE and 12 p.

Neuropilin antibody
70R-7286	Fitzgerald	50 ug	EUR 467.00
Description: Rabbit polyclonal Neuropilin antibody raised against the N terminal of NETO2

Neuropilin antibody
70R-7424	Fitzgerald	50 ug	EUR 467.00
Description: Rabbit polyclonal Neuropilin antibody raised against the N terminal of NETO2

Neuropilin Blocking Peptide
33R-3329	Fitzgerald	100 ug	EUR 180.00
Description: A synthetic peptide for use as a blocking control in assays to test for specificity of NETO2 antibody, catalog no. 70R-7286

Neuropilin Blocking Peptide
33R-2574	Fitzgerald	100 ug	EUR 180.00
Description: A synthetic peptide for use as a blocking control in assays to test for specificity of NETO2 antibody, catalog no. 70R-7424

Neuropilin Polyclonal Antibody
41826-100ul	SAB	100ul	EUR 252.00

Neuropilin Polyclonal Antibody
41826-50ul	SAB	50ul	EUR 187.00

Neuropilin-1 Antibody
3856-100	Biovision		EUR 316.00

Neuropilin-1 Antibody
3856-30T	Biovision		EUR 146.00

Neuropilin 1 Antibody
48067-100ul	SAB	100ul	EUR 333.00

Neuropilin 1 Antibody
48067-50ul	SAB	50ul	EUR 239.00

Neuropilin 1 antibody
70R-50646	Fitzgerald	100 ul	EUR 244.00
Description: Purified Polyclonal Neuropilin 1 antibody

Neuropilin Polyclonal Antibody
ABP53183-003ml	Abbkine	0.03ml	EUR 158.00
Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from the Internal region of human Neuropilin Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Neuropilin from Human, Mouse, Rat. This Neuropilin antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the Internal region of human Neuropilin

Neuropilin Polyclonal Antibody
ABP53183-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 289.00
Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from the Internal region of human Neuropilin Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Neuropilin from Human, Mouse, Rat. This Neuropilin antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the Internal region of human Neuropilin

Neuropilin Polyclonal Antibody
ABP53183-02ml	Abbkine	0.2ml	EUR 414.00
Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from the Internal region of human Neuropilin Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Neuropilin from Human, Mouse, Rat. This Neuropilin antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the Internal region of human Neuropilin

Neuropilin-2 Antibody
DF7604	Affbiotech	200ul	EUR 304.00
Description: Neuropilin-2 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total Neuropilin-2.

Neuropilin- 2 Antibody
ABD7604	Lifescience Market	100 ug	EUR 438.00

Neuropilin 1 antibody
70R-12148	Fitzgerald	100 ug	EUR 403.00
Description: Rabbit polyclonal Neuropilin 1 antibody

Neuropilin-1 Antibody
48906-100ul	SAB	100ul	EUR 333.00

Neuropilin-1 Antibody
48906-50ul	SAB	50ul	EUR 239.00

Neuropilin Polyclonal Antibody
ES4182-100ul	ELK Biotech	100ul	EUR 279.00
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against Neuropilin from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, WB, ELISA

Neuropilin Polyclonal Antibody
ES4182-50ul	ELK Biotech	50ul	EUR 207.00
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against Neuropilin from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, WB, ELISA

Anti-Neuropilin antibody
STJ96817	St John's Laboratory	200 µl	EUR 197.00
Description: Rabbit polyclonal to Neuropilin.

anti-Neuropilin 1
YF-PA15894	Abfrontier	100 ug	EUR 403.00
Description: Rabbit polyclonal to Neuropilin 1

Neuropilin 2 Blocking Peptide
20-abx162628	Abbexa	EUR 272.00 EUR 411.00	1 mg 5 mg
Shipped within 5-10 working days.

Neuropilin 2 (NRP2) Antibody
abx146242-100ug	Abbexa	100 ug	EUR 391.00
Shipped within 5-10 working days.

Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) Antibody
abx146308-100ug	Abbexa	100 ug	EUR 391.00
Shipped within 5-10 working days.

Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) Antibody
20-abx101004	Abbexa	EUR 398.00 EUR 133.00 EUR 1107.00 EUR 537.00 EUR 314.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug
Shipped within 5-12 working days.

Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) Antibody
20-abx101005	Abbexa	EUR 398.00 EUR 133.00 EUR 1107.00 EUR 537.00 EUR 314.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug
Shipped within 5-12 working days.

Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) Antibody
20-abx101006	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 133.00 EUR 1135.00 EUR 551.00 EUR 314.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug
Shipped within 5-7 working days.

Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) Antibody
20-abx101007	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 133.00 EUR 1135.00 EUR 551.00 EUR 314.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug
Shipped within 5-7 working days.

Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) Antibody
20-abx101008	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 133.00 EUR 1135.00 EUR 551.00 EUR 314.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug
Shipped within 5-7 working days.

Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) Antibody
20-abx101009	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 133.00 EUR 1135.00 EUR 551.00 EUR 314.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug
Shipped within 5-7 working days.

Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) Antibody
20-abx101010	Abbexa	EUR 425.00 EUR 133.00 EUR 1177.00 EUR 578.00 EUR 328.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug
Shipped within 5-7 working days.

Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) Antibody
20-abx101011	Abbexa	EUR 425.00 EUR 133.00 EUR 1177.00 EUR 578.00 EUR 328.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug
Shipped within 5-12 working days.

Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) Antibody
20-abx101012	Abbexa	EUR 425.00 EUR 133.00 EUR 1177.00 EUR 578.00 EUR 328.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug
Shipped within 5-7 working days.

Neuropilin 2 (NRP2) Antibody
20-abx101013	Abbexa	EUR 453.00 EUR 133.00 EUR 1302.00 EUR 620.00 EUR 342.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug
Shipped within 5-7 working days.

Neuropilin 2 (NRP1) Antibody
20-abx121650	Abbexa	EUR 300.00 EUR 439.00 EUR 189.00	100 ul 200 ul 30 ul
Shipped within 5-10 working days.

Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) Antibody
20-abx131786	Abbexa	EUR 314.00 EUR 787.00 EUR 411.00 EUR 154.00 EUR 258.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug
Shipped within 5-7 working days.

Neuropilin 2 (NRP2) Antibody
20-abx128984	Abbexa	EUR 425.00 EUR 133.00 EUR 1205.00 EUR 578.00 EUR 328.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug
Shipped within 5-7 working days.

Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) Antibody
20-abx130134	Abbexa	EUR 425.00 EUR 133.00 EUR 1177.00 EUR 578.00 EUR 328.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug
Shipped within 5-7 working days.

Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) Antibody
20-abx114089	Abbexa	EUR 732.00 EUR 398.00	150 ul 50 ul
Shipped within 5-10 working days.

Polyclonal Neuropilin-1 Antibody
AMM06647G	Leading Biology	0.1mg	EUR 484.00
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human Neuropilin-1 . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:

Neuropilin 1 Conjugated Antibody
C48067	SAB	100ul	EUR 397.00

Neuropilin Polyclonal Conjugated Antibody
C41826	SAB	100ul	EUR 397.00